Introduction The United States American government has spent huge amounts of money in struggling to eradicate drugs from the nation and yet drugs such as heroin, cocaine among other illegal drugs are becoming cheaper and cheaper, and easier to obtain than ever before. A very large number of people are...
Definition of a Profession A profession is a calling that requires an individual to have specific skills and knowledge; it is a job which needs an advanced set of particular skills and knowledge. A profession grows out of the needs that have been identified in the society for special services....
Executive summary Healthcare organizations are entities whose main goals are to provide quality and affordable health services to the people who seek such services. Such organizations require a well-organized system to facilitate the delivery of services. A well-organized system is the one that ensures that all components of an organization...
Introduction Throughout history, quality has been the focus for all researches and developments in patient care. Hospitals around the world have been called upon to provide quality health services to their clients. Due to the nature of medical practice, the provision of quality service cannot be overlooked (Bokhoven, Kok, &...
Diabetes is no longer a disease for elderly as it was a case in the past decades. There are several types of diabetes which have so far been diagnosed. These types include the diabetes mellitus, diabetes inspidus, brittle and gestation diabetes. The gestation diabetes is highly associated with pregnant women....
In order to ensure that quality service is provided to the clients, the need for effective management is paramount in all forms of businesses including the healthcare business. The individuals who supervise, direct, plan as well as coordinate healthcare in a healthcare institution are known as health services managers. Owing...
Introduction Pain is defined as “a sensory and emotional experience that is generally associated with tissue damage or inflammation” (Hatfield, 2006, p. 34). Assessment of acute pain, especially in cancer patients, requires special attention and strategies to assure that accurate information is collected on which to base a plan of...
Introduction The case study is an analysis of an oil investment project between two companies that plan on sponsoring the project: Conoco Inc. (A US-based, highly experienced oil company) and PDVSA (a Venezuelan-based oil firm). These two organizations plan on starting the project Petrolera Zuata which will possibly result in...
Abstract Illegal immigration is one of the problems facing many countries around the world. The United States of America is home to more than ten million illegal immigrants. Most of these immigrants come from neighboring Mexico. The states along the US-Mexico border are under social and economic pressure due to...
Introduction Sentencing is a form of punishment that is imposed on individuals who have been convicted of crimes. It is imposed by the criminal justice system of every state which follows a set of guidelines. There are many forms of sentencing which include but are not limited to capital sentencing,...
Introduction Since the inception of the Juvenile Court System, there has been a clear cut line differentiating this system and the Criminal Court System t. The difference is not only in the terminologies used but also in the type of treatment that is given to young individuals who have been...
Abstract Teenage is the age from thirteen years to the age of nineteen. This is a stage of transition from childhood to adulthood. During this stage, a lot of changes are experienced in the life of a teenager. There are physical body changes as well as emotional changes witnessed during...
It is common knowledge that crime in poor urban areas is the major contributor of deaths in these areas. It is, in fact, argued that deaths attributable to the HIV/AIDS pandemic are less than those caused by violent crimes in poor urban areas. Much of the crime evident in poor...
Introduction Since the terrorist attack of September 2001, several governments were taken aback of their incapacity to prevent crimes of such magnitude. The United State’s Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense, for example, have been working extra hard to detect and thwart such occurrences in the future....
Introduction Like any other common disease, asthma is a disease characterized by chronic inflation within the airways of the breathing system. Asthma symptoms vary in that, in some people, the disease affect air flow and in others, it causes bronchospasm. Some of the common symptoms associated with asthma include chest...
Introduction Healthcare services are the most beneficial part of any medical facility not only to the clients, but also to the practitioners as well. All the healthcare services including promotion, treatment, disease prevention, diagnosis and rehabilitation can also be done from home, at the workplace, and at healthcare facilities. Effective...
Discussion The main purpose of this project is to improve safety practices in medical institutions. Needle sticks appear to be a major threat for both the nurse practitioners and the patients (Eden, 2008).This can only be prevented by the healthcare workers through the implementation of a safe environment in the...
Introduction Purpose of the report The introduction will look into the National Health Service with a view of understanding its human resource management and in particular the organisational workforce planning. Background information Human resource management mainly refers to the strategic and concrete approach towards the overall management of the human...
Introduction Studies carried out by different people and institutions in different countries have for a long time determined that prevailing social circumstances have an influence on peoples’ health. These social determinants may either be found at an individual level, group or community level, depending on a person’s lifestyle. Most governments...
People use healthcare systems to cater to their health conditions. This is the reason why; every country has its own system of providing health care services to its citizenry. For example, some countries decided to have their healthcare system market-oriented while in others, central governments, insurance companies and professional bodies...
Abstract The aim of a research paper is to find out the policies implemented by the World Health Organization and nations in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS. World Health Organization has established guiding principles and laws to help fight HIV/AIDS throughout the world. It has worked along with other...
Accreditation as an Unnecessary Ritual Scholarly views Accreditation can be understood as a process of the objective assessment of services’ quality or a health care organization. However, scholars like Roth and Taleff (2002) argue that the standards promoted by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) (Joint Commission of...
Introduction An integrated health care system may be defined as an organization, which has aligned its health care facilities to enable the delivery of integrated health care services, thus improving quality and reducing costs incurred relative to a specific region (Li-Ping & Timmer, 2008). This leads to better health care...
Introduction A drug can be described as any matter which when taken up into the body of a living creature, changes its usual physical functions. On the other hand, cognitive enhancement is the magnification or expansion of the main aptitudes of the brain, through upgrading or extension of internal or...
Armed robbery is the process through which a person takes possession of another person’s property by using violence means, which may result in injury or harm to the victim. Armed robbery therefore, involves use of weapons that may cause death to the victim during the act of robbing a person...
Merits and demerits of Word-of-Mouth (WOM) Communication The human voice is the most powerful form of communication. In the current world where people are bombarded with all kinds of messages from every sort of media, most get lost, but in most cases, people will listen to other people, especially those...
Gourevitch and Shinn (3) state “Corporate control is about power, accountability and responsibility”. It shapes the efficiency of the firm and the stability of its operations. Ownership and control highly inclines towards the stockholders with the largest block of shares in the company. Changes in corporate control may take place...
Introduction Cardiovascular disease is one of the areas where disparities in health as determined by race have been well documented. Of particular concern is the fact that racism or racial segregation is not restricted to the individual but easily extends to vital social institutions; whereby the individual is defined by...
Research Problem/Purpose or Question Hypothesis The article under consideration dwells upon the skin-to-skin contact after cesarean delivery. The background for the research is the information that children suffer from mild hypothermia after cesarean delivery. The main purpose of the research was to compare the temperature of mothers and infants just...
Introduction Hiring is only a part of the vital process in the Human Resource (HR) department’s match between job requirement and candidate qualities. The process involves (a) advertising (both internally and externally) for applications, (b) articulating a precise job description, (c) screening the applicant, (d) contacting candidates for interviews, (e)...
Cigarette smoking is harmful to health; smoking is associated with lung cancer, emphysema and heart diseases. Smokers are at a high risk of suffering from the above-named health conditions as opposed to non-smokers. Of all the varieties of cigarettes in the market, none is safe. All predispose smokers to smoking-related...
Introduction Health care systems are characterized by a lot of complexity and dynamism. This complexity and dynamism are brought about by factors that surround the health care environment. The factors, most of them being regulatory, affect the performance of the healthcare system as a whole and also affect each specific...
Abstract Medicare health care, by far, forms the crux of current patient health care delivery systems in the United States. But it would not be a travesty of truth to admit that such Medicare and allied Medicaid systems are meant for the rich segments of society and not really for...
President Obama’s administration healthcare reform bill is expected to bring the much-needed healthcare reform by extending healthcare benefits to millions of Americans who do not have healthcare insurance. But a closer look reveals that not all Americans will benefit from these reforms. These groups include taxpayers, the elderly, healthy young...
Introduction Being a labor-intensive industry, health care and human resources are important inputs into providing health care. A global perspective will still show that health care systems are underdeveloped, under-researched, and poorly managed even in developed countries (Bloor and Maynard, 2003). Most nations had only a partial planning approach and...
Introduction Clinical data storage and its management have reached new dimensions with the introduction of AMA Code of Medical Ethics. This code provides directives as to how to collect medical data of a patient and how it must be stored and monitored for diverse uses. The clinical management of Electronic...
Introduction The definition of a victim, under criminal law as well as criminology, is a specified individual who has experienced harm directly and individually by the executor rather than the society (Eduard, 2007). There are different perspectives as to who actually is a victim for instance there are those people...
Innovation Management (IM) could be said to be the conception and development of new ideas that germinate from people, who, over a length of time, engage themselves in transactions with others within the organizational framework. “A Continuing behavior analysis of customers enables the Company to improve its current business and...
In the light of emerging need and value of maintaining a competitive advantage, it is of fundamental importance that everyone should be kept on the same page in view of the current condition of the project as well as the progress achieved so far and challenges encountered. In the past...
Introduction Information technology has brought major changes in how things are done. With many information elements to manage, information systems have brought easier ways for managing information and integrating with various departments in a business, institution or government. Among areas where information systems have been used successfully is health sector....
Although effective in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease as well as in the treatment of myocardial infarction, acetylsalicylic acid use in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease has remained controversial. The journal article addresses the question of the effectiveness of acetylsalicylic acid in primary prevention of cardiovascular events in women. The...
Introduction In the working environment, the relationship between employers and their employee determines employee productivity. Cases of employment discrimination concerning race, gender and age are occasionally reported within organizations. This has led to the establishment of laws that governs the rights of both employer and employee. Different organizations have varied...
Introduction Compared to the developing nations the overall health status of the American population is much better. However, when compared to other developed countries, the United States ranks rather poorly. Effects of social determinants of health have been blamed for this situation. Social determinants of health define how the social...
Introduction Hospitals have undergone tremendous changes over the past twenty years. This has been in line with the many pressures that hospitals have been facing during the same period of time. These pressures include increased patient loads; higher operating costs; lower budgetary appropriations; lack of adequate medical staff; and inadequate...
Introduction Managers in the most successful organizations in the world apply appropriate management theories in their decisions. The application of a management theory does not necessarily assure an organization success but depends on the appropriateness of the theory used to solve the problem in hand. It is advisable for an...
Introduction Hypertension is a condition whereby the blood pressure is gradually elevated to levels that can lead to organ damage. The normal blood pressure level is below 120/80 and levels that are greater than 140/90 constitute hypertension. This condition, leads to such illnesses as heart attacks, renal failures or even...
The United States has been known to have the best healthcare services in the world but shortcomings are becoming more evident (University of Maine, 2001). The healthcare system is not working as well for all the people of the US. A good healthcare system has to ensure good health to...
Hospitals are a significant element of the medical care setting and are the key to the reform procedures though they have gotten little interest from the investigators and important persons. They are essential since they are responsible for a considerable percentage of the medical care budget. Secondly, hospitals’ situation at...
Cost accounting all over the world is carried out by using the traditional method or the fair value model. There has been a lot of debate as to which model is better suited to businesses in the current world environment. Article on Cost Accounting The October 2007 issue of Entrepreneur...
A majority of the operating systems today for both servers and mainframes trace back to third-generation computer systems. Such significant concepts as multiprogramming, sequential process, virtual memory, hierarchical file systems, and timesharing were introduced by these systems. Such concepts have been instrumental in enhancing the utilization and throughput of the...
Introduction Cyber threat occurs when a person tries to access a control system, device or network using prohibited communication pathways. This could be a person working from within an organization or from a remote location through the internet. These threats can come from different groups of people. These groups can...
Introduction Health law includes the relationship between the rights and responsibilities of patients, health care experts and to some extent the government. For many years, the health insurance policy in the US has been under the jurisdiction of individual states, but the latest developments have proposed for interstate health insurance...
Kaizen change and the work of Dr. Ashby In my organization, management has embraced the most sophisticated managerial skills available in the world market. In the aspect of change, the Kaizen method of dealing with change is most preferred. It implies the gradual improvement of managerial skills. This involves the...
Many companies depend on network communication. This high dependency leads to vulnerability in the information security of an organization. This has been caused by computer crimes such as a break into systems, code bypass, and cyber-terrorism. This insecurity threat to computer systems comes with impacts. This paper will look at...
Introduction Understanding crime forms the basis of understanding criminal justice. As a result, it is important to understand criminological theories because any decision or policy made depends largely on these theories, regardless of whether people know them or not. The criminology arena has changed drastically over time with many criminologists...
From my childhood, I always loved challenges. Doing non-challenging activities always left me bored. I was always curious. I wanted to test and ascertain the reasons why things happened the way they do. This eventually developed in me a curiosity about airplanes. I wanted to become a pilot and understand...
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 resulted from the outrage that was experienced from the unethical behaviour of business organizations through financial frauds. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was enacted to prevent such unethical behaviour of business enterprises (Has Sarbanes-Oxley Made a Dent in Corporate America’s Armor?). Complying with the Sarbanes-Oxley...
Introduction Any form of mental illness has been for a long time and for many societies around the world considered as a stigma. It is in most cases difficult to understand, by the patient or individual himself, much less by the people around him no matter how close they may...
Advantages of a National Health Insurance System A national health insurance system (NHIS) provides insurance to everyone through payments by the Government for the stipulated health costs of the people. Such a program grants the benefit of providing access for the people to any health professional who is working on...
Introduction Euthanasia may be a right or wrong decision. However, it needs to be considered as a pro-choice decision. Euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide is a highly debated issue. This issue is outlawed in almost all major countries. This essay discusses the arguments for and against the concept of euthanasia. Description...
Introduction Euthanasia has been one of the most controversial and heatedly debated topics in healthcare and politics. The word Euthanasia means a “good death,” “beneficial death” or a ‘dignified death’ (Bernards, pp.153). It’s an intentionally administered death to a patient of a fatal injury or disease and is administered with...
Fundamental Purposes of SCHIP While assessing from many angles, the SCHIP should be considered as a successful program in achieving the fundamental purposes for which the program was formulated. The program has enabled millions of children to have access to healthcare, which they would not have otherwise availed. SCHIP has...
Abstract The analysis of the High-Frequency proximity Radio Frequency Identification systems appeared to be of great importance for the past three decades; the fact is connected with the technological era dominating modern human life. The paper was focused on the determination of RFID transaction, and some kind of research was...
Role of Management Accountants Management accounting, as distinct from financial accounting, focuses on the internal business building of the organization. Therefore, the management accountant has a vital role to play in the designing and evaluating business processes. In addition, the management accountants have an important part in the preparation of...
Introduction Emirates Airlines, formed in 1985 by the Dubai government with an initial capital of $10 million and only two aircrafts, which were leased1. The Emirates Airlines is based in Dubai and is one of the major airlines in the Middle East. It provides services to over 100 destinations around...
Introduction Looking for a controversial topic in medicine, the most difficult aspect is not the topic on which the opinions were divided, but the topic which in itself is difficult to judge. Such topic is the issue of euthanasia. Euthanasia can be defined as any action performed with the purpose...
The word Euthanasia originated from the Greek language; “eu” means “good” and thanatos means “death”. Some people define euthanasia to include both voluntary and involuntary termination of life (Robinson, 2002). One of the most common forms of euthanasia is the so-called physician assisted suicide which is normally done with a...
The present paper discusses the main characteristics of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) Privacy Rule and a set of common debates, misuses, and misunderstandings happening concerning it. The Privacy Rule primarily concerns the protection of privacy of individuals having medical insurance and their medical authority....
About four thousand years ago, the ‘Babylonian Code of Hammurabi’ prescribed severe punishment for medical practitioners who through malpractice caused injury or death. Thus, Risk Management history in health organizations dates back to this period. In the 1970s, health care providers faced an unprecedented crisis due to the escalation of...
The IT managers responsible for selling the data warehouse concept to upper management say that it would be much harder to make the case in today’s climate of shrinking IT budgets because most organizations are trying to cut costs rather than launch new initiatives. Discuss the approach that the IT...
Introduction Healthcare, being a labor-intensive industry requires a large number of employees to provide, billing for services provided and recording especially for larger institutions. The allied health workers represent 60% of the United States’ healthcare system workforce, while the other percentage represents healthcare professionals. They help other professionals by evaluation,...
Changing the US Health Care System: Key Issues in Health Services Policy and Management. Edition 3. John Wiley and Sons. Pp. 693. The author contributed to the description of health care system change observed in the USA taking into account the most important issues in health care policy development, such...
Clinical trials are a well-known part of the drug development process and after successive stages of research and animal testing, the last phase involves trials on human subjects. Informed consent and other ethical and legal formalities are an essential tool and part of the trial, after which the drug is...
Diabetes has been ranked as the fourth killer disease worldwide by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 180 million people have diabetes and the figure is expected to increase to 380 million by 2025. In addition, about 2.9 million people die each...
Introduction Leadership as a method that can be described as a way of giving direction to the actions of other people (staff) with the hope of attaining or accomplishing a common objective. Leadership encircles more on influencing people to get things done to the required level and of quality above...
The PEN-3 model has been originally developed, to be adopted as a health education framework, to be used for disease prevention in the African countries. The model comprises of three dimensions of health beliefs and behaviors, which are related and dependent on each other. The second dimension of Educational Diagnosis...
Introduction It has been established that the human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause cervical cancer. According to (medicine.jwatch.org), there are about 1400 women diagnosed with cervical cancer daily. When taken in sum, the daily diagnosis translates to a more alarming data of some 500,000 new cases and 276000 deaths yearly. The American...
Introduction Organizational change is the adoption of a new idea or behavior by the organization. The environment, whether it is internal or external, keeps on changing and it is the task of the organization to be structured in such a way so as to respond to the changes by changing...
Introduction There has been much debate on the issue of healthcare services in the United States. One major point in the debate has been whether the healthcare in the country qualifies as a system given the various disparities in efficiency, cost of care, fairness, access to health care, and quality...
The heath information system in any health care organization setting would ensure proper billing, cost control, quality control especially when the information system provides demonstrable cost saving and patient retention. The introduction of health information system in any organization requires a thorough understanding of the basic principles of health informatics....
Reasons behind failure of E.H.R adoption Reasons behind the lack of adoption of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) vary according to patients’ settings. The settings are inpatients and outpatients but the adoption rates are too low in both cases. (Ash and Bites, 8) The main determining factors include but are...
That the ineffective healthcare system needs a substantial an immediate renovation is indisputable. Americans of every political ideology agree that too many people and their families are uninsured or underinsured and that health care costs are higher than necessary but, generally speaking, Republican and Democratic lawmakers clash on the solution....
Discussion The aspect of culture impacts the way people view the world, and it is how they perceive the world that influences what they believe in and how they perform things, specifically with regard to practices related to health, dying and death. Patients and family in critical nursing care setting...
Canada’s healthcare system is guided by the Canada heath act of 1984. The health services are offered to all permanent residents of Canada regardless of their income level. The healthcare policy is fully applicable within Canada but one can be reimbursed a proportion of the cost incurred for medical care...
The Roy adaptation model was first propounded by Sr. Callista Roy of the Sisters of St.Joseph. It is a deductive theory like most of the other theories of nursing. The focus is on the inter-relatedness of four adaptive systems: physiological and psychosocial adaptations are possible. (McEwen and Wills, 2007) Johnson’s...
The notion of an integrated healthcare information system has attracted significant interest because of advances in digital communications and hospital information technologies. Patients are also demanding high-quality healthcare services that do not compromise their time and geographical location. The lack of real-time information regarding patients’ health conditions usually leads to...
Introduction The computer is considered the most revolutionary invention of the twentieth century and it appears to be as well. The impact of computer usage can be found in everywhere. From society to business to education, it has impacted, revolutionized and increased the productivity of whatever purpose it has been...
Introduction Juvenile crime is still a pressing problem in the country because over two million cases were recorded in the past year. This trend is quite alarming because juveniles who are not corrected may end up becoming adult criminals. It is therefore incumbent upon the juvenile correction system to deal...
The use and effectiveness of various dispute resolution techniques strongly depends on such factors as the severity of the conflict, its origins, the number of opposing sides, their willingness to collaborate with one another, and presence of common objectives (Mackie, 1991). The case of Carmen and Juanita is rather complicated:...
Introduction According to Freeth, Hammick, Reeves, Koppel & Barr (2005, cited in Learning and teaching for inter-professional practice Australia, 2009, p. 6), inter-professional practice is a term used to imply the condition where two or more professionals work together for a common purpose, commitment and mutual respect. Across the whole...
Such notion as system has a great number of definitions; on the whole, it can be interpreted as a set of dependent or independent elements which form a single entity, for example, the state or governmental institutions (Parson, 1991). Most importantly, each constituent part of the whole may fulfill different...
Introduction The quality of social and health services rendered to the public has become a major issue in most developed countries. The system mandated to provide these services have undoubtedly been put under increased strain given changing demographics, population growth, and adverse economic environment. However, experts in other management fields...
Introduction New technologies such as GIS – Geographical Information Systems, GPS – Global Positioning Systems, and Remote sensing capability systems are being increasingly used by the defense systems both for war and peaceful purposes. This paper examines the many ways in which these applications are being used by the army...
Identify the legal significance and methodology of the following Negotiation: This is conducted by the disputants among themselves per se, in order to arrive at an acceptable settlement. The legal significance of negotiations would emanate upon signing and registering of a legal document after the settlement is affected. The methodology...
While there is debate about the effectiveness of advertising in society, few can escape the reach of advertising in everyday life in cities. One morning on my way to work in New York City, I decided to observe the effects of advertising in the city. As I turned on my...
Introduction – changing healthcare environment and role of the nurse The nursing profession has evolved during the last century to cope with new demands and new issues. Nurses today are required to provide a wide range of services independently and several other services in collaboration with other healthcare providers (CUSN,...
Fall prevention Various literature reviews on falls among the elderly population have been conducted and implement to effectively educate old people on preventive measures and methods of dealing with risks of falls such as exercises. Literature review we are going to look at in this chapter concentrates on incidence of...
Introduction Information Technology has significant impacts on organizations especially in helping daily operations and meeting targets. The main contributions of information technology to organizations are increased efficiency, effectiveness, and competitiveness. Information technology, for instance, would benefit education organizations in terms of improved communication channels, systematic dissemination of academic materials, effective...
Studying the newspaper representation of Muslim women in America is not a new trend. Several feminism campaigns have been seeking to criticize the potential media sexism against these women in society since the 1960s and 1970s. The cycle has persisted, and there has been little change. Presently, most Muslim women...
Introduction The notion of illicit substance abuse has always been one of the most challenging aspects of public healthcare, as the following issue encompasses a series of factors that contribute to addiction development, making recovery an extremely complex endeavor. Researchers define substance abuse as the intake of such substances as...