Genetically Modified Foods Genetically altered foods are the foods that are made using genetically modified organisms. A genetically modified organism (GMO) refers to an organism that has its genetic composition altered through genetic engineering technologies. Examples of such organisms are GMO crops and fish. Recent developments in genetic engineering have...
Advances in computer technology are having a significant effect on all areas of service provision. The healthcare industry is one of the beneficiaries of information technology. The combined advances in computing power and the increasing dynamism of software design underlie the recent availability of information systems that are making it...
Annotated bibliography Small, W., Kain, S., Laliberte, N., Schechter, M., Shaughnesy, M., Spittal, P. (2005). Incarceration, Addiction and Harm Reduction: Inmates Experience Injecting Drugs in Prison. Substance Use & Misuse, 40(1), 831–843. The article reveals how HIV/AIDS is becoming a threat and a major problem in many prisons in Canada. An...
Nursing shortage is a broad and dangerous lack of enough trained nurses in the healthcare setting (Mitchell, 2003). Nurses are needed to provide quality care to patients and the society at large. Because nurses have been trained to save life and take care of patients so that they help them...
Introducing the Research Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the cause of morbidity and mortality in many places. The harmful effects of COPD are psychological and functional problems, which include poor home management and isolation (Robinson et al., 2008). COPD can either manifest as a stable or acute condition. In...
Benefits of EHR for Patients According to the American Academy of Family Physicians (2003), electronic health records (EHR) benefit patients, by letting health care providers access and use the electronic tools to deliver appropriate medical care. These electronic instruments of health care delivery include patient history, drug information, screening guidelines...
Introduction This analysis seeks to discuss the meaning of absorption, variables and throughput costing, and when each of these would be applicable. The researcher will also provide concrete examples to enable the reader to have a good grasp of the three concepts. Presentation of Analysis It is worth mentioning about...
Advantages of Activity-Based Systems Activity-Based Systems determine the real cost of overhead before assigning the costs to such activities. Therefore, a company allocates costs to those units that require the activity. The approach appreciates the fact that at any point, the company’s activities will occasion cost, which will vary with...
The debate discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the socialized healthcare system and single payer system has been in place for over a decade. The national health care system debate goes on to evaluate all the pros and cons of both types of funding and delivery and choose the most...
Introduction Obesity in children is an abnormal medical condition in which excess fats accumulate in children’s bodies causing them to have more weight than expected. This health condition has been experienced since time immemorial (Beseler, 2008). Its occurrence can be traced back to prehistoric ancestors. Artefacts dating back to the...
Sicko is a movie that focuses on 250 million Americans who have medical insurance but they do not accrue any benefit from it. However, they experience bankruptcy trying to cover their own medical bills. The American medical sector is owned by the private sector. It has been suggested that a...
Introduction The human heart provides continuous pumping action throughout human life. The coronary artery supplies oxygen, nutrients, and other requirements in the blood to the heart tissue (Margolis & Gerstenblith, 2002). Due to different factors of varying significance, the flow of blood in the coronary artery may become obstructed. This...
According to Stanton and Rutherford (2004), healthcare institutions with low nurse staffing levels are characteristic of poor patient outcomes. These poor outcomes include the incidences of shock, pneumonia, urinary tract infections and cardiac arrest. These were the findings from a study funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality...
Introduction In the past two centuries, enormous advances in medicine and science have been achieved. The law has not been able to keep up with scientific breakthroughs and increased instances of novel medical technologies (Beauchamp & Childress, 2001). The subsequent debates bordering on religious and moral issues have given rise...
Introduction The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a charitable organization dedicated to eradicating cancer in society. It provides grants for cancer research, runs educational programs, and organizes programs for cancer patients. The goal of the organization is to save lives through early detection, distribution of information and emphasizing on the...
Introduction Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) refers to a type of psychotherapeutic approach used to help patients understand their opinions and ways of thinking. CBT treatment employs the use of behavioural and cognitive ideologies. This approach is used in the treatment of numerous psychological disorders; namely, anger, nervousness, and substance abuse...
Introduction The disease burden is greatest among indigenous Australians compared with other groups in the population. Although genetic makeup is reported to contribute towards the disease aetiology, there are also other factors unique to this group that are attributed to high prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes among the Aboriginal Australians....
Introduction The introduction and use of modern technology contribute to the presence of better health care programs in the world. In addition, medical scientists and staff have found it easy to deal with health complications in patients’ courtesy of advancements in technology. This essay points at both sides of the...
ESRD incident rates caused by hypertension and diabetes vary across different races and ages in terms of numbers of patients and rates of growth. The rate of diabetes ESRD among Caucasian patients below the age of 40 reached its optimum in the early 1990s. However, the incidence of the disease...
Introduction The United States has one of the most modern technologies in health care services probably in the entire world. However, the United States is also criticized for having a large portion of the population who are not covered with any basic health medical cover. It is argued that most...
Introduction This paper focuses on the American Nursing Idol Theory Contest initiated by the finalists at the University of West Georgia in August 2012. The contest involved judges who examined three nursing theories and used: clarity, accuracy, precision, relevance, depth, breadth, logic, significance, and fairness to rate the performance of...
Due to the worldwide use of marijuana for spiritual and therapeutic purposes, the disputes over medical marijuana seem to be misconceived and peculiar. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, marijuana, also known as cannabis, played an important role in medicine and treatment. However, the federal government is still doubtful about...
Introduction The medical care in Australia has undergone frequent changes with disruptions during its gradual transition from distinct interest groups. The deciding factor for all of these interventions is mainly attributable to the concept of sovereignty. The core elements underlying this concept are the insistence for authority, autonomy and boundary...
Introduction There has been a need for a clear understanding of the difference between real, personal, and intellectual properties. In his book, Kongolo (2008) wonders whether real property is genuine as compared to intellectual property. This has been a concern, especially among scholars who have come out strongly to help...
In 1965, the American government created Medicare and Medicaid health programs, which were meant to pay for the cost incurred in health care provision. These programs are sponsored by the government and funded through taxes. Medicare is a social health insurance funded by the government, and it covers medical expenses...
Abstract Most states world over realizes the importance of keeping the society healthy in preparation for future emergencies. Managed health care programs require timely efforts in ensuring stability and sustainability in public health. Prevention techniques form an essential part in warranting the achievement of manageable health care programs globally. This...
History of Cigarette Smoking According to Random History (2009), people came into contact with Tobacco about eighteen thousand years ago. This time coincides with the period when migrant Asiatic people spread across the Americas (Random History 2009). In addition, tobacco is native to the Americas. This means that it first...
Abstract A healthcare system describes the way the society structures human labor, institutions and resources, in the provision of quality healthcare services. More recently, the use of Information Technology in Healthcare (ITH) has enabled faster and more effective diagnosis of patients’ conditions. This has led to improved quality of service...
The HIPPA privacy regulations were formulated to safeguard patients’ personal health information in the possession of entities covered by the act and provide patients with an assortment of rights about their medical information. Simultaneously, the privacy regulations have been balanced so that it accommodates the disclosure of critical, personal health...
Introduction A managed care plan refers to various ways that are designed to help minimize the expenses of offering enhanced quality of care as well as health benefits to the institution. The methods are undertaken in this context range from a rise in the cost of beneficiary allotment, instituting enhanced...
Introduction End-of-life care involves the care of patients with terminal illnesses like cancer and organ failures in the late stage where the condition is incurable. Medical-surgical nurses have the responsibility of providing end of life for patients with terminal illnesses. To carry out their duties effectively, they will need to...
Introduction Major reform is necessary if the current healthcare delivery is going to meet the needs of the population while controlling costs. This discussion looks into the processes of identifying elements of reforming the current health care delivery system. It discusses the objectives of the healthcare delivery system, the population...
Social class is the main determinant of health disparities and prolonged existence. Individuals with higher social class, regularly measured their earnings or occupation, are more likely to have longevity, fewer rates of chronic disease and are not less likely to suffer accidental injury (Kawachi, Daniels, & Robinson, 2005). How does...
Introduction Obesity in children is dangerous. It does not only affect the children since both parents and society are also affected. It is assumed that just a little weight more than the normal weight in children is harmless. This is a misconception that may lead to increased cases of obesity...
Health care systems refer to the comprehensive network of agencies, facilities and all other health care providers in a specified region. Usually, nursing services are considered an integral part of the health care systems. Health care systems vary from one country to another, due to diverse social conditions, economic conditions...
Abstract The consumption of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products is considered a significant cause of preventable deaths. It is important to focus on this issue because the strength of the nation is its people. One can just imagine the economic cost to the business sector if workers are unable to...
Introduction Ethics has been considered one of the reference values where a pact should be established and developed between various actors involved in an organization. Ethical behavior during governance should be understood in a manner that involves the managing of stakeholders’ interests. This should be carried out in the interest...
Introduction Ethnic minorities make up a significant part of many countries’ populations. Specifically, aboriginal populations, though severely diminished, have maintained steady population numbers and their existence and needs is an important factor to consider in every aspect of national development. In some cases, like the US and Australia, the population...
The acronym HIPAA stands for Health Insurance and Accountability Act. The act has the mandate of establishing federal standards aimed at safeguarding the health information of individuals undergoing treatment. The information deemed private includes but is not limited to the social security numbers, images and photographs of patients, vehicle registration...
Introduction A chronic illness can be described as a health condition in human whose effects are long-lasting and usually persist for more than three months. According to Mays, such conditions tend to be recurrent with patients experiencing relapses and periods of remission. [1] Chronic conditions account for about 60 percent...
Summary Botswana is one of the low-income countries in Africa. This assessment aims to present a critical analysis of the country’s health and development status while looking at the key health indicators and the relevant development indicators as well. It also discusses its achievements and the remaining challenges about millennium...
Community is a concept in nursing which refers to a collection of people with some relationships or characteristics in a given location or environment. According to Shuster and Geoppinger (2008, p.32), community in health care is the focus on the collective or common good of a given population as opposed...
Abstract Breast cancer is caused by abnormal growth and may be triggered by both internal and external factors. It is more common in women than men. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that younger women are part of the population at risk as they are more vulnerable to this disease due...
Introduction Hepatitis C is a viral infection caused by a virus that affects the liver causing severe swelling. It is caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) whose infection is more likely to be asymptomatic showing no symptoms for several years after the infection has occurred. As a matter of...
Introduction Terminal illnesses are usually revealed to the patient by doctors. Terminal illnesses e. g Cancer or HIV & AIDS cause patients’ emotions to change but this varies between different people. How a person responds to the news that he/she has a terminal illness determines how he/she lives afterward. This...
Introduction In the health care profession conflict of interest occurs when a professional in the field is under due influence from the financial benefit, personal, or other peoples interest either consciously or unconsciously that he or she be incapable of upholding professional ethics, code of conduct, and discipline. Conflict of...
Why there is Need for Health Care Reform in the USA The debate about health care changes in the U.S. has a long history. Potential changes in health care continue to be projected with remarkable debates of admitting single-payer schemes and a cutback in free service health care. The United...
Introduction Rolls-Royce Limited underwent extreme losses due to exposure. The exposure in consideration is the economic exposure. In general, exposure refers to the degree to which the company is affected by varying exchange rates. This case involved an international multinational company, which dealt in jet engines. These rates affected the...
Introduction The global financial crisis which occurred in 2008 was one of the greatest events in financial and economic history. It is very rare to find a crisis of that magnitude. It was the worst global financial crisis that the world has ever witnessed apart from the 1930s Great Depression....
Good health is one of the major backbones of every economy (Clever, 2011). There has been a lot of advancement of technology in the research area of drugs and disease diagnostics; this has led to the development of policies to suit the current changes in the health care sector. Some...
Hospital environments are always prone to many infections because patients who visit such premises suffer from various diseases. There is the risk of re-infections among patients who visit such premises if proper care is not taken. Should this happen, it would leave the patients in a worse situation than before...
Introduction Healthcare organizations have a mandate to improve their performance to safeguard the health of clients. These organizations have roles similar to other profit or non-profit organizations, and the issue of quality is crucial. The provision of quality services by health care organizations creates demand, and many people are willing...
Introduction Tobacco is a plant with whose leaves are used to manufacture cigarettes albeit the plant has been used for other different uses. Nonetheless, the most common use of tobacco is in the manufacture of cigarettes (Hampton). The main reason why the plant is used in the manufacture of cigarettes...
Introduction Hospital operations mismanagement has severe implications on the financial situation in a hospital; it also affects patients’ medical costs. Nonetheless, these effects are manifested differently among the two parties, and may cause cost-ethical conflicts among stakeholders. Financial implications of Hospital operations mismanagement Hospital context When hospitals are poorly managed,...
Introduction Fieldwork research was carried out in Little Havana, Miami –Dade County, Florida. The residents of the area are mainly immigrants from Cuba hence the name little Havana. The fieldwork research sought to establish several health concerns (Childhood obesity and Diabetes, lack of fresh fruits and vegetables, and lack of...
Introduction FedEx was founded in 1971 by Fredrick Smith in the little rock, Arkansas. After formation there are several events that have occurred in the company leading to the success. Initially, the company traded as FDX but later changed to FedEx. After two years of operation the company relocated to...
Criminal evidence refers to any kind of testimony or evidence concerning a crime. Criminal evidence can take various forms, and is typically applied to prove that a crime was really committed, and establish any blame in a criminal case. Generally, evidence in law is anything which the presiding judge permits...
Pros The positive features of the system are as follows: The system features convenient, well-organized layout: all the frequently used icons and buttons are easily found. Icons images are successfully used to represent factual and documentary information. The colored icons appear lively and if showing, for example, people or landscapes,...
The origin of Coat of Arms (COA) can be traced back to 12th century when it was first used as a special identification sign in the battle field. It was later incorporated into societal and family values. In the case of nursing practice, our group has designed a COA using...
Shi and Singh (2011) define social determinants of health as non-medical factors that affect both the average and distribution of health within populations. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH, 2005) affirms that the choice of policies globally and in individual countries not only influence the allocation of money...
One of the major issues related to safety in providing quality care is the staffing of nurses in a hospital. In most hospitals, the number of nurses is low due to budgetary issues. This has acted as a great challenge to nurses delivering high quality services. This is because it...
Health Promotion Community nursing is usually concerned with providing medical, advisory and educative services to a larger population like the children in schools or people of a particular community. Through programs such as Medicaid, different vulnerable groups within the community are able to access medical services. The target groups include...
Introduction Over 300,000 deaths caused by obesity-related illnesses in the United States are reported every year. The obesity epidemic is almost three times as smoking in the United States with only twenty-one percent smoking and sixty-six percent obese. A number of organizations have raised issues with the effect of fast...
Introduction Background information Obesity has become a global health problem. The crucial question to ask is why there is an increase in cases of obesity. The quests for wealth and changes in lifestyles have contributed to the rise in obesity. Focus has turned to the prevention of childhood obesity through...
Introduction Osteoporosis is one of the major health conditions that increase the risk of disability and poor quality of life among the elderly, especially postmenopausal women. Apart from hormonal deficiency, immobilization of limbs due to increased sedentary lifestyle also contribute to the decrease of bone density thereby culminating in heightened...
Summary Medicare is a social insurance program initiated by the United States government to cater for the medical expenses of her citizens above the age of 65. However, for those who are under the age of 65, they must be with permanent physical disabilities, congenital physical disability, permanent kidney failure,...
Introduce Caring is a fundamental concept in the study of human growth, development, and survival. When applied to nursing, caring is observed to have two aspects, namely activities and attitudes. The study of care in nursing is vital, to explicate caregiver and recipient roles in a variety of living and...
Before the 1960s and 1970s, the two countries in question had similar health care systems. However, between the years, the 1960s and 1970s Canada changed its system of health care from a per-capital basis to a public one. The states, therefore, have some similarities and differences in the way they...
Introduction Acupuncture treatment during labor —a randomized controlled trial is an article that appears in BJOG- an International Journal of Obstetrics and Psychology and was authored by Agneta Ramnero, Ulf Hanson, and Mona Kihlgren. All three are professionals in the field of obstetrics and gynecology: Ramnero is a researcher in...
Managing pain at the end of life is one of the most critical issues facing nurses. End-of-life care involves adherence to professional rules, such as the ANA codes of conduct. These rules cannot be alienated from certain ethical principles regarding end-of-life care. Ethics concerning end-of-life care tend to be influenced...
Introduction Life expectancy is on the increase; meanwhile, there is a general fall in birth rates in many countries today. In this light, the need for hospitals and long-term care facilities has become increasingly pressing. Long-term care facilities provide extensive, rehabilitative and medical care to people with severe health challenges...
Problem statement In the last three decades, childhood obesity has tripled. In the United States, obesity rate for children between the ages of 6-11 years has increased from 7 percent in 1980 to approximately 20 percent in 2008. Similarly, those between the age brackets of 12-19, which represent the adolescent,...
Introduction A number of changes have taken place in the current management system of health institutions. A significant amongst them is the computerized management system. This type of management system is pegged primarily on using the computer or an electronic source to store data of patients, and this aids in...
This is a pro essay focusing on the argument that ensuring all Americans have access to health care will result in low costs of healthcare, and subsequently promote access to regular and preventive care before the condition becomes critical. The majority of Americans support the concept of universal healthcare coverage....
Introduction Graves’ disease can generally be described as a disorder of the immune system which results in excess production of hyperthyroidism, thyroid hormones. Even though there are other disorders that cause hyperthyroidism, research indicates that Graves’ disease is the most common (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2011). Based on the fact that...
Current Knowledge Human hypertension has become a public health dilemma. The condition is one of the major public health burdens affecting approximately 1 billion people in the world. It is estimated that about 25% of the adults in the industrialized states are hypersentive. The disease epidemic has moved to developing...
Privacy and security issues are some of the critical contemporary issues that are common in the healthcare. The need for security and privacy of health data have significantly increased. Many healthcare organizations have been forced to use secured electronic data storage systems in order to avoid privacy breach of the...
Introduction Eating disorders refer to all those conditions that seriously affect the eating of meals. These disorders can be manifested in the form of a loss of appetite or having an extraordinary good appetite. Eating disorders are often prevalent but not limited to any age group. These conditions are often...
Aging The United States is currently rated third in the world as the nation with the largest population. According to statistics in the 2010 Census, this population stood at 308.7 million people, which is about 4.5% of the global population. According to the Population Reference Bureau, this population is changing...
Home care service is also known as domiciliary or social care. This refers to the health care or supportive care that is rendered to patients within their homes by healthcare specialists. Home care service can be formal or informal (Kornowski, et al, 1995). Home care service enables individuals with special...
According to World Health Organization requires medical facilities to offer quality, reliable, and affordable medical services; to attain the above requirement, medical facilities need to continually advance their quality management approach. This paper discusses future trends in medical quality management. The world is facing fast development in technology, medical facilities...
Currently, doctors in the United States of America are remunerated for every service performed. In addition, physicians are promoted and graded based on their compliance level in the provision of patient care. After thinking of the need to change the payment methods in America, President Obama introduced a health care...
Introduction Over the recent past, health care sector in both developed and developing countries have exhibited depressed information system structure (Porter &Teisberg, 2004, p. 4). Health Care structure is different from other sectors of the economy because of high degree of regulation, massive state investment and associated low demand for...
Introduction Mass casualty events are very common and unfortunately, majority of the health care professionals are not familiar with their responsibilities in this event (Gebbie & Merrill, 2009). As a result, this article analyses the roles and responsibilities of both the health care professionals and the community in emergency preparedness....
The Community Nurse In the community, different health issues require special attention and in most cases, a constant supply of health services and special care. This is usually common for children, the elderly, the disable and the vulnerable in different situations. Community nursing is a field of nursing and healthcare...
Introduction Communication is a very essential factor in life of every person because it enables people to share their thoughts, caution, and advice, instruct, command and at least pass information to the other person. In health centers, there has been written and verbal (face-to-face and telephone) communications for several years...
Introduction Health is a situation in which a person is psychologically, socially and physically well, and not essentially the absence of illness (Karoski, 2011). On the other hand, health services are services offered by the health facility to make a person well and it includes preventive, curative and rehabilitative (Karoski,...
Identity and Role of HHS The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is one of the largest arms of the federal government. The idea for such a department was mooted as early as 1923 by the Harding administration (Berkowitz, 2008). However, it was only in the year...
People face numerous challenges when designing information systems in health care. This is because they do not know the steps to follow when designing a health care system. People should consider various things when designing systems like the shortcomings of the other systems and the requirements. System design and analysis...
Introduction The integration of traditional healing and western medicine to treat illnesses draws its origins from the ancient times and is located across all cultural and philosophical divides (Shaw, 1998). Despite preference for western medicine because of its focus on pathology and treatment of disease, a great scientific inquiry posits...
Introduction Although the issues that people with learning disabilities (PLD) face on a regular basis when learning new information or acquiring new skills rarely become the subject of discussions in the everyday environment, the subject matter remains a problem in the modern nursing realm (Castell & Kroesse, 2016). In this...
Introduction A plenty of health care organisations from different parts of the world try to undertake as many quality improvement initiatives as possible (Strome, 2013). Still, despite their intentions to create a powerful health care system in the country, some organisations fail to introduce effective and sustainable results. Therefore, the...
Introduction Over the years, society has been divided into three classes; the upper class is associated with riches and luxurious lives. The middle class is associated with income levels that sustain their lives but are not sufficient to sustain a luxurious life. The lower class is associated with individuals that...
Introduction Since 2001, the rate of suicide in the military has more than tripled (Dittrich et al., 2015). Depression, Post- Traumatic Stress, and bipolar disorder share a strong association with suicide (Dittrich et al., 2015). These disorders are some of the causes of suicides in the military (for active and...
Introduction Concept analysis plays a critical role in the development of theories. According to Blessing (2015), Katherine Kolcaba developed the Theory of Comfort when conducting a concept analysis of comfort. She was interested in determining how nurses can ensure that their patients were comfortable for the entire period of medication,...
Abstract The intensive development of information and communication technologies influenced the progress within the health care industry. The information systems development within the industry today differs significantly from the situation during the early part of the 1990s. While comparing and contrasting the used information systems, it is important to focus...
Abstract The patient’s refusal of a blood transfusion procedure as the necessary treatment based on definite religious beliefs or personal visions should be discussed as an ethical issue that can be resolved while responding to the patient’s interests and viewpoints. The medical and nursing staff should follow the four major...
Introduction Three strikes laws are statutes enacted by the government that awards harsher sentences for offenders who have been convicted of crimes for the third time (Walsh, 2007). The laws are aimed at discouraging repeat offenders from committing crimes for fear of longer and harsher sentences. Among the U.S. states,...
Background Although the health care reform in the United States can be traced back to the 1900s, the events of the past few years have been critical in shaping the future of the American healthcare system (Martin, 2015). These events relate to the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable...
The past eight weeks have influenced my understanding of the nursing practice and helped me improve my skills and knowledge considerably. I have learned the worth of leading and promoting quality improvements and safety in healthcare delivery. The point is that organizational leadership is vital for patient care, and every...